Ответ 1
Вот пример, показывающий реализацию парсера с одним циклом с пулом асинхронных запросов. Код анализирует все страницы просмотра от первой до последней и страницы фильмов, оба типа анализируются одновременно. URL-адреса фильмов анализируются на страницах просмотра и помещаются в очередь фильмов, после чего данные каждой страницы фильма из очереди анализируются и выводятся на лист. Он обрабатывает все типы ошибок HTTP-запросов и повторяет попытки до предела.
Поместите приведенный ниже код в стандартный модуль:
Option Explicit
Sub Test()
Const PoolCapacity = 30 ' Async requests qty
Const MoviesMin = 55 ' Movies in queue + expected movies min qty to request new browse page
Const ReqDelayMin = 0.15 ' Min delay between requests to avoid ban, sec
Const ReqTimeout = 15 ' Request timeout, sec
Const ReqRetryMax = 3 ' Attempts for each request before quit
Dim oWS As Worksheet
Dim y As Long
Dim ocPool As Collection
Dim ocMovies As Collection
Dim lMoviesPerPage As Long
Dim lBPageIndex As Long
Dim lBPagesInPoolQty As Long
Dim bLastBPageReached As Boolean
Dim dPrevReqSent As Double
Dim i As Long
Dim bBPageInPool As Boolean
Dim dT As Double
Dim bFail As Boolean
Dim sResp As String
Dim oMatches As Object
Dim oMatch
Dim oReq As Object
Dim oRequest As cRequest
' Prepare worksheet
Set oWS = ThisWorkbook.Sheets(1)
oWS.Cells.Delete
y = 1
' Init
Set ocPool = New Collection ' Requests async pool
Set ocMovies = New Collection ' Movies urls queue
lMoviesPerPage = 20 ' Movies per page qty
lBPageIndex = 1 ' Current browse page index for request
bLastBPageReached = False ' Last page reached flag
dPrevReqSent = -60# * 60# * 24# ' Init delay timer
' Start parsing
Do
lBPagesInPoolQty = 0 ' How many browse pages currently in pool
' Check pool for all flagged and completed requests
For i = ocPool.Count To 1 Step -1
bBPageInPool = Not ocPool(i).IsMovie
' Delay from last request
dT = Timer - dPrevReqSent
If dT < 0 Then dT = dT + 60# * 60# * 24#
Select Case True
' Check request has no sent flag
Case Not ocPool(i).NeedSend
On Error Resume Next
bFail = False
sResp = ""
With ocPool(i).HTTPRequest
' Check http request is ready and status is OK
Select Case True
Case .ReadyState < 4 ' Not ready
Case .Status \ 100 <> 2 ' Wrong status
Debug.Print .Status & " / " & .StatusText & " (" & ocPool(i).URL & ")"
bFail = True
Case Else ' Ready and OK
sResp = .ResponseText
End Select
End With
If sResp = "" Then
' Request elapsed time
dT = Timer - ocPool(i).SendTimer
If dT < 0 Then dT = dT + 60# * 60# * 24#
' Check request is failed
Select Case True
Case Err.Number <> 0 ' Runtime error
Debug.Print Err.Number & " / " & Err.Description & " (" & ocPool(i).URL & ")"
bFail = True
Case dT > ReqTimeout ' Timeout
Debug.Print "Timeout (" & ocPool(i).URL & ")"
bFail = True
End Select
On Error GoTo 0
If bFail Then ' Request has been failed
ocPool(i).FailsCount = ocPool(i).FailsCount + 1
' Check attempts
If ocPool(i).FailsCount > ReqRetryMax Then
Debug.Print "Quit (" & ocPool(i).URL & ")"
ocPool.Remove i ' Quit
bBPageInPool = False
Else
ocPool(i).NeedSend = True ' Raise send flag to retry
End If
End If
Else ' Response received
If ocPool(i).IsMovie Then
' Response from movie page
With CreateObject("VBScript.RegExp")
' Parse Title, Year, Genre
' <h1 itemprop\="name">___</h1>\s*<h2>___</h2>\s*<h2>___</h2>
.Pattern = "<h1 itemprop\=""name"">([^<]*)</h1>\s*<h2>([^<]*)</h2>\s*<h2>([^<]*)</h2>"
Set oMatches = .Execute(sResp)
If oMatches.Count = 1 Then ' Output to worksheet
oWS.Cells(y, 1).Value = oMatches(0).SubMatches(0)
oWS.Cells(y, 2).Value = oMatches(0).SubMatches(1)
oWS.Cells(y, 3).Value = oMatches(0).SubMatches(2)
y = y + 1
End If
End With
Else
' Response from browse page
With CreateObject("VBScript.RegExp")
.Global = True
' Parse movies urls
' <a href="___" class="browse-movie-link">
.Pattern = "<a href=""([^""]*)"" class=""browse-movie-link"">"
Set oMatches = .Execute(sResp)
For Each oMatch In oMatches
ocMovies.Add oMatch.SubMatches(0) ' Movies queue fed
Next
' Parse next page button
' <a href="/browse-movies?page=___">Next
.Pattern = "<a href\=""/browse-movies\?page\=\d+"">Next "
bLastBPageReached = bLastBPageReached Or Not .Test(sResp)
End With
If Not bLastBPageReached Then lMoviesPerPage = oMatches.Count ' Update lMoviesPerPage
End If
ocPool.Remove i
bBPageInPool = False
End If
' Check request has send flag raised and delay enough
Case dT > ReqDelayMin
' Send the request
Set oReq = CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP.6.0")
With oReq
.Open "GET", ocPool(i).URL, True
' .SetProxy 2, "190.12.55.210:46078"
.SetRequestHeader "User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64)"
.Send
End With
ocPool(i).NeedSend = False
ocPool(i).SendTimer = Timer
dPrevReqSent = ocPool(i).SendTimer
Set ocPool(i).HTTPRequest = oReq
End Select
If bBPageInPool Then lBPagesInPoolQty = lBPagesInPoolQty + 1
DoEvents
Next
' Check if there is a room for a new request in pool
If ocPool.Count < PoolCapacity Then
' Add one new request to pool
' Check if movies in queue + expected movies are not enough
If ocMovies.Count + lBPagesInPoolQty * lMoviesPerPage < MoviesMin And Not bLastBPageReached Then
' Add new request for next browse page to feed movie queue
Set oRequest = New cRequest
With oRequest
.URL = "https://yts.am/browse-movies?page=" & lBPageIndex
.IsMovie = False
.NeedSend = True
.FailsCount = 0
End With
ocPool.Add oRequest
lBPageIndex = lBPageIndex + 1
Else
' Check if movie page urls are parsed and available in queue
If ocMovies.Count > 0 Then
' Add new request for next movie page from queue
Set oRequest = New cRequest
With oRequest
.URL = ocMovies(1)
.IsMovie = True
.NeedSend = True
.FailsCount = 0
End With
ocPool.Add oRequest
ocMovies.Remove 1
End If
End If
End If
DoEvents
Loop While ocPool.Count > 0 ' Loop until the last request completed
MsgBox "Completed"
End Sub
Поместите приведенный ниже код в модуль класса с именем cRequest
:
Public URL As String
Public IsMovie As Boolean
Public NeedSend As Boolean
Public SendTimer As Double
Public HTTPRequest As Object
Public FailsCount As Long
С осторожностью Const ReqDelayMin
задержку между запросами Const ReqDelayMin
. После запуска с высокой скоростью он работал некоторое время и вызывал срабатывание защиты Cloudflare DDoS, и в настоящее время я не могу заставить код работать напрямую с моего IP, единственный способ - использовать прокси для запросов ( Вы можете увидеть закомментированную строку с .SetProxy
). Даже в Chrome я получаю перенаправление Cloudflare:
Таким образом, этот подход просто раскрывает вопрос, однако самый безопасный и гораздо более эффективный способ - использовать API веб-сайта, как описано в этом ответе.